The Famed Ringling Brothers Circus is Closing. The headline caught me by surprise and it made me sad. I knew they had decided to
discontinue their elephant act and figured their other animal shows would soon
follow. But the other aspects of the circus—the acrobats, the human
cannonballs, and the clowns—could continue to thrill audiences. Just look at
the popularity of the Cirque du Soleil.
But, according to forbes.com, circus attendance in the United States has
dropped by an estimated 30% to 50% over the last twenty years. That, along with
high operating costs, apparently made the modern circus an unsustainable
business.
I suppose the animal rights activists (PETA and HSUS) can take a little
credit. They protested and picketed mercilessly on behalf of the animals. And
the circus shares the blame for dragging its feet on making improvements to its
animal programs. While I am not convinced that circus life in inherently bad
for animals, I do believe that circuses failed to recognize how passionately
some people feel about animal welfare.
We are, I believe, in the midst of some significant cultural shifts—many
of which were evident in the recent presidential election. How do we make sense
of our collective feelings about women in politics, gay rights, the
legalization of marijuana, immigration policies, and health care reform. Is the
demise of the circus a reflection of a cultural shift away from a particular
type of entertainment or is it simply a matter of economics—the travelling
circus is too expensive to produce.
Over the same period that circuses have been declining zoos appear to have
thrived, perhaps due to their aggressive programs of animal welfare and
enrichment. Zoos have spent millions on large and innovative animal habitats,
and they have made sure their constituents were invested in their programs.
All of this causes me to reflect on how the history
of American zoos and circuses are intertwined. The traveling
circus menagerie was the precursor to the modern American zoo, and circuses
and zoos have coexisted and supported each other for more than a century. (See my blogs from July 2015.) Now, I
wonder what the demise of the circus means for zoos. Are zoos doing enough to stave off extinction? In the coming weeks, I'll take a look.
